Three forms of treatment with proven efficacy are available for children with sickle cell anemia: transfusions, hydroxyurea, and stem cell transplantation. At the current time, however, the majority of children with sickle cell anemia do not receive any of these treatments. Instead, most clinicians provide education and anticipatory guidance, offering treatment only when severe clinical complications occur. Should a more aggressive posture exist among pediatric hematologists? Should more children be offered treatment before they develop severe complications? To help answer these important questions, a unique four-way debate will be held to provide a forum for discussing the treatment options: no intervention, transfusions, hydroxyurea, and transplantation. The debate will be lively and opinionated, so you won’t want to miss this one!